NATIONAL
NEWS
TAMIL NADU
NEWS
INTERNATIONAL
NEWS
ENVIRONMENT
NEWS
SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY
ECONOMY NEWS
STATE NEWS
IMPORTANT
DAYS
(JUNE 01–06, 2026)
PERSONS & AWARDS
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. NATIONAL NEWS
1.1 Emergency Helplines Unification (112)
- Ordered by: Supreme Court of India – directed all states/UTs to unify within 3 months.
- Numbers merged: 100, 101, 108, 102, 1033, 1091 merged into single number '112'.
- Legal basis: Article 21 (Right to Life) includes the Right to Emergency Medical Care.
- PM RAHAT: Cashless emergency treatment scheme linked to 112.
- Standards: All ambulances must comply with AIS-125 standards with GPS linked to 112.
- Exam point of view: Emergency care falls under Article 21 (Right to Life).
Emergency Helpline:
A dedicated phone number citizens can call during police, fire, medical, or disaster emergencies to connect to response teams instantly.
Article 21 (Right to Life):
Fundamental right under Part III of the Indian Constitution. The Supreme Court has expanded it to include the right to health, education, and emergency medical care.
Good Samaritan Law:
Protects bystanders who help accident victims in good faith from legal liability, encouraging public assistance without fear of arrest.
1.2 National Seed Reserve 2026
- Reserve: 1.74 lakh quintals created for Kharif 2026 by the Agriculture Ministry.
- Current stock: 192 lakh quintals, which is 11% above the national requirement of 173 lakh quintals.
- Farmer IDs: Over 9.76 crore Farmer Identity Cards created.
- Objective: Ensures timely supply during delayed monsoons, drought, or re-sowing emergencies.
Learn Basics
- Kharif Season: Summer/monsoon crop season in India (June to November). Main crops include rice, maize, cotton, groundnut, and soybean. Depends on the Southwest monsoon.
- Seed Reserve / National Seed Bank: Government-maintained stock of quality seeds distributed to farmers during natural calamities to ensure food security.
1.3 Semiconductor Roadmap 2035
- Released by: NITI Aayog – India's first 10-year semiconductor action plan.
- Value chain target: $120–150 billion domestic semiconductor value chain by 2035.
- Market potential: $200 billion by 2035.
- Import dependency: Currently 90–95% of semiconductor needs are imported.
- Design workforce: India accounts for 20% of global semiconductor design professionals.
- Market share target: 10–13% global market share by 2035.
- Focus areas: OSAT, mature logic nodes, compound semiconductors, AI-native chips, 5G/6G chips.
1.4 IIP 10th Revision – New Base Year 2022-23
- Revised by: MoSPI (Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation).
- Base year change: Shifted from 2011-12 to 2022-23 (10th revision overall).
- Products expanded: From 839 to 1,042 products (463 item groups).
- History: First IIP compiled in 1937.
- Additions: Gas/water supply, sewerage, and waste management added. Electricity separately tracks renewables vs non-renewables.
1.5 WPI Replaced by PPI from June 15, 2026
- Launch: June 15, 2026 – PPI introduced alongside revised WPI (base year 2022-23).
- Phaseout: WPI to phase out gradually over 5 years.
- Services PPI: Covers 7 sectors including Banking, insurance, railways, aviation, and telecom.
- Exam point of view: RBI uses CPI for inflation targeting, NOT WPI or PPI.
Learn Basics
- WPI (Wholesale Price Index): Measures price changes at the wholesale level. Issued by DPIIT. Covers goods only.
- PPI (Producer Price Index): Measures price changes from the producer's perspective. Includes goods and services. Issued by DPIIT.
- CPI (Consumer Price Index): Measures retail price changes experienced by the final consumer. Issued by MoSPI. Used by RBI for inflation targeting.
Price Indices Comparison | Details |
WPI (Wholesale Price Index) | Level: Wholesale | Issued by: DPIIT | Covers: Goods only (no services) | Being phased out |
PPI (Producer Price Index) | Level: Producer | Issued by: DPIIT | Covers: Goods + Services | International standard | Replacing WPI |
CPI (Consumer Price Index) | Level: Consumer (retail) | Issued by: MoSPI | Covers: Goods + Services | Used by RBI for inflation targeting |
1.6 National Health Accounts 2022-23
- Govt health expenditure: Increased from ₹1.30 lakh crore (2013-14) to ₹3.85 lakh crore (2022-23).
- GDP share: Increased from 1.15% to 1.43%.
- Per capita spending: Increased from ₹1,042 to ₹2,786.
- Out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE): Decreased from 64.2% to 43.4%.
- Primary healthcare: Spending rose from ₹0.5 lakh crore to ₹1.4 lakh crore.
Learn Basics
- NHA (National Health Accounts): Systematic framework tracking all health expenditure in a country. Published by the Health Ministry.
- OOPE (Out-of-Pocket Expenditure): Money patients pay directly from their own pockets for health services. A decline indicates better public health financing.
1.7 India's Fertility Rate – SRS 2024
- TFR National: 1.9 (Below the replacement level of 2.1).
- Regional TFR: Rural = 2.1 | Urban = 1.5.
- IMR: 24 per 1,000 live births.
- SRS: 28 per 1,000 live births.
- Institutional deliveries: 95.4% across India.
- Demographic dividend: Working age (15-59 yrs) constitutes 66.4% of the population.
- Exam point of view: National TFR is 1.9, Rural is 2.1, Urban is 1.5. Do not mix these up.
1.8 NFHS-6 National Key Findings (2023-24)
Scope: 715 districts | 6.79 lakh households | Nodal Agency: IIPS, Mumbai
- High levels of child malnutrition have been reported in Madhya Pradesh.
- Compared to the national average of 19%, Madhya Pradesh recorded a 23.8% rate of child wasting (low weight-for-height)—the highest in India.
- In the state, 39.7% of children are underweight (low weight-for-age), the second-highest rate in India after Jharkhand (41.1%).
- While the prevalence of child stunting (low height-for-age) stood at 31.4%, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months dropped to 56.4%.
Learn Basics
- NFHS: National Family Health Survey. Large-scale household survey on health and nutrition.
- Stunting: Low height-for-age (chronic malnutrition).
- Wasting: Low weight-for-height (acute malnutrition).
- Underweight: Low weight-for-age (combination of both).
IMPROVEMENTS :
- Child Stunting (Low Ht/Age): 35.5% → 29.3%
- Severe Wasting (Low Wt/Ht): 7.7% → 5.2%
- Underweight (Low Wt/Age): 32.1% → 31.8% (marginal)
- Full Immunisation (12-23 months): 83.8% → 87.1%
- ANC Coverage (4+ visits): 92.6% → 95.9%
- Institutional Deliveries: 88.6% → 90.6%
- Women's Internet Use: 33.3% → 64.3%
- Rotavirus Vaccination: 36.4% → 85.4%
- National TFR: Stable at 2.0 (below replacement 2.1)
CONCERN :
- Exclusive Breastfeeding (< 6 months): 63.7% → 55.8% (DECLINED)
- Only 15.3% children (6-23 months) receive minimum acceptable diet
MADHYA PRADESH (State-specific):
- Wasting: 23.8% → HIGHEST IN INDIA (national avg: 19%)
- Underweight: 39.7% → 2nd highest (Jharkhand 1st: 41.1%)
- Stunting: 31.4%
- Exclusive Breastfeeding (MP): 56.4% (declined from 74%)
- Minimum Acceptable Diet (MP): Only 12%
EXAM TIPS:
- Full Immunisation = 87.1% (NOT 82.6% — different definition used in some sources)
- Underweight improved only MARGINALLY: 32.1% → 31.8%
- Exclusive Breastfeeding DECLINED nationally (63.7% → 55.8%) — a concern, not a gain
- IIPS = International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai (NOT Delhi)
1.9 RBI Kill Switch for Digital Payments
- Feature: Emergency mechanism to instantly block ALL digital transactions during detected fraud.
- Platforms covered: UPI, IMPS, NEFT, internet banking, digital wallets.
- Activation: Mobile app, SMS, IVR, internet portal.
1.10 ABHA – 90 Crore Milestone
- Milestone: Crossed 90 crore ABHA accounts on May 30, 2026.
- Growth: 6x growth in 5 years (baseline was ~14 crore in 2021).
- Top state: Uttar Pradesh (15+ crore accounts).
- Female holders: 49.75%.
Learn Basics
- ABHA: Ayushman Bharat Health Account. A unique 14-digit digital health ID under ABDM for secure medical record sharing.
- ABDM: Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (2021). Creates the digital health ecosystem.
- Exam point of view: ABHA falls under ABDM, NOT the PM-JAY health insurance scheme.
1.11 Sikkim – India's 5th Fully Literate State
- Programme: ULLAS – Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram (NEP 2020).
- Sikkim literacy: 99.82%.
- Preceding states: Mizoram, Goa, Tripura, Himachal Pradesh.
1.12 India's Digital Economy – SIDE Report 2026
- Report by: ICRIER-Prosus Centre for Internet & Digital Economy.
- Global rank: 5th largest digital economy.
- AI performance: Ranked 4th globally.
- Digital trade value: $328 billion.
- AI talent pool: 2nd globally (after USA).
Learn Basics
- Digital Economy: Economic activity resulting from online connections (e-commerce, AI, cloud computing).
- AI Talent Pool: Professionals skilled in AI, machine learning, and data science.
1.13 SkyCast & Airtel 5G Network Slicing
- SkyCast: India became the 19th country to deploy this; installed at IGIA (IGI Airport), New Delhi by the Ministry of Earth Sciences.
- Airtel 5G Slicing: Launched India's FIRST 5G Network Slicing Priority Postpaid service.
- Under: Mission Mausam
- Next facility: Jewar Airport, Uttar Pradesh
- Inaugurated by Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh on May 29, 2026
2. TAMIL NADU NEWS
2.1 TVK Ministers' Seniority List
- Sworn in: May 10, 2026.
- Seniority Order: CM -> N.Anand -> Aadhav Arjuna -> K.G.Arunraj -> K.A.Sengottaiyan -> P.Venkataramanan -> R.Nirmalkumar -> Rajmohan -> T.K.Prabhu -> S.Keerthana.
- Alliance ministers: Hold positions 11–14.
Learn Basics
- Inter-se Seniority: The official rank order of cabinet ministers dictating protocol and seating.
- TVK: Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam.
- Exam point of view: TVK ministers were sworn in on May 10, 2026.
2.2 TN Delimitation Commission Meeting
- Chaired by: B. Jothi Nirmalasamy (State Election Commissioner).
- Scope: Redrawing boundaries for 11 District Panchayats, 40 Panchayat Unions, and 177 Village Panchayats.
Learn Basics
- Delimitation Commission: Statutory body that redraws electoral boundaries based on updated population data for fair representation.
2.3 Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0 – TN MoU
- Extended to: December 2028.
- TN Phase 1: 46.71 lakh FHTCs serving 1.86 crore beneficiaries.
- Advance funding: ₹2,177.27 crore allocated to TN from DDWS.
- Active schemes: 45 MVSs, 56 CWSSs, 21,258 SVSs.
2.4 Kadambara Pumped Storage Hydro Station
- Type: TN's ONLY reversible pumped-storage hydro station.
- Operational since: 1987.
- Capacity: 4 × 100 MW = 400 MW total.
- Current status: 25% operational (1 unit working; 3 under repair).
- Mechanism: Pumps water to Kadambara dam during surplus; generates electricity during peak demand.
2.5 TN Kasanoi Erappila Thittam (TN-KET)
- Launched: April 2022 (India's first state-wide differentiated TB care initiative).
- Districts: Dharmapuri, Karur, Villupuram, Kanyakumari, Cuddalore, Salem.
- Impact: Dharmapuri death rate fell 12.6% to 4.8%; overall TN TB deaths reduced by ~2.5%.
2.6 Cauvery Surplus Flow 2025-26
- Received: ~330 TMC ft (2025-26 water year).
- Allocated share: 177.25 TMC ft (CWDT 2007 + SC 2018).
- Surplus: ~152 TMC ft extra (7th time TN received surplus).
- Impact: Supported Kuruvai cultivation across ~2.1 lakh acres.
Learn Basics
- CWDT: Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal (Awarded in 2007, modified by SC in 2018).
- TMC ft: Thousand Million Cubic Feet. A unit for measuring large water volumes.
- Exam point of view: TN's legal share is 177.25 TMC ft.
2.7 Radhapuram Election Verdict – Madras HC
- Context: 2016 Radhapuram Assembly by-election.
- Verdict: M. Appavu (DMK) declared winner by 104 votes, overturning the initial 49-vote win by I.S. Inbadurai (AIADMK).
- Supreme Court: Declined intervention as two election terms had passed.
Learn Basics
- Election Petition: A legal challenge filed in the High Court against an election result over corrupt practices or counting errors.
2.8 E-Prisons Early Release Module
- Authority: Ordered by Madras HC, developed by NALSA.
- Pilot: Puzhal Central Prison, Chennai.
- Feature: Identifies eligible prisoners 4 months in advance digitally.
Learn Basics
- NALSA: National Legal Services Authority providing free legal aid and tech solutions for prisons.
- Early Release: Releasing prisoners before full sentence completion based on good behaviour.
2.9 Madras HC – NGT Jurisdiction on Aquaculture
- Ruling: NGT has NO jurisdiction over the Coastal Aquaculture Authority (CAA) Act 2005.
- Reason: CAA Act 2005 is not listed in NGT Act 2010 Schedule I.
Learn Basics
- NGT: National Green Tribunal. Handles environmental cases but only for laws explicitly listed in its Schedule I.
- CAA: Regulates coastal shrimp/fish farming under the Ministry of Fisheries.
- Exam point of view: NGT's jurisdiction strictly relies on Schedule I contents.
2.10 Chennai & Bengaluru Airport Rankings
- Chennai rank: Dropped to 6th (17.3 lakh passengers in April 2026).
- Kolkata: Overtook Chennai with 17.6 lakh passengers.
- Bengaluru: India's 2nd busiest (3.28 million passengers).
Learn Basics
- Airport Traffic: Total passengers departing, arriving, and transiting. Used to rank airport busyness.
2.11 TN NFHS-6 Key Indicators
- Institutional deliveries: 99.7%.
- Full immunisation (12-23 months): 90%.
- Stunting (under-5): Decreased from 25.0% to 20.7%.
- TFR: 1.7 (One of India's lowest).
Learn Basics
- TNMSC: Tamil Nadu Medical Services Corporation (1994). Manages essential medicine procurement, serving as a national model.
3. INTERNATIONAL NEWS
3.1 India-Oman CEPA
- Effective: June 1, 2026.
- Tariffs: Zero-duty for India on 98.08% of Oman's tariff lines.
- Trade value: $11.18 billion (2025-26).
3.2 India-Vietnam BrahMos Missile Deal
- Announced at: Shangri-La Dialogue, Singapore.
- BrahMos: Supersonic cruise missile (Mach 2.8+); India-Russia joint venture.
- First export: Philippines was India's first BrahMos export destination.
Learn Basics
- BrahMos: World's fastest cruise missile, jointly developed by India and Russia. Named after Brahmaputra and Moscow rivers.
- Loitering Munition vs Cruise Missile: Cruise missiles fly fast to pre-set targets. Loitering munitions hover and search for targets before striking.
3.3 UNGA 81st Session President
- President: Bangladesh FM Kalilur Rahman.
- Vote: 99 vs 91 secret ballot.
- Theme: 'Restoring Trust, Redefining the Future'.
3.4 Telangana & Goa Statehood Days
- Telangana: India's 29th state (June 2, 2014) – celebrated 12th Formation Day.
- Goa: India's 25th state (May 30, 1987) – celebrated 40th anniversary; freed via Operation Vijay (1961).
3.5 China – Xenotransplantation Milestone
- Achievement: World's first simultaneous pig kidney and liver transplant into a human.
- Modifications: 6 genes were edited in the pig organs to reduce human immune rejection.
Learn Basics
- Xenotransplantation: Transplanting organs from one species to another (e.g., pig to human).
- Gene Editing: Modifying animal genes so the human immune system does not reject the organ.
4. ENVIRONMENT NEWS
4.1 India's Largest Coral Colony
- Species: Pavona clavus ('Potato Patch' hard coral).
- Location: Kadmat Island, Lakshadweep.
- Details: ~4,250 sq metres, 700–1,800 years old, 58.47% tissue alive despite bleaching.
4.2 Elvira Rat vs Cutch Rock Rat
- Status: Elvira Rat is Critically Endangered (CR); Cutch Rock Rat is less threatened.
- Location: Elvira Rat is endemic ONLY to Shevaroy Hills, Salem, TN.
Learn Basics
- Critically Endangered (CR): Extreme risk of extinction in the wild (IUCN Red List).
- Endemic Species: Species found exclusively in one specific geographic area.
- Exam point of view: Elvira rat is found ONLY in Shevaroy Hills, Salem.
4.3 Yellow-throated Marten – Kaziranga First Record
- Species: Martes flavigula (Mustelidae family).
- Location: Spotted in Kaziranga NP, Assam for the first time.
- Protection: Wildlife Protection Act 1972, Schedule II.
Learn Basics
- Mustelidae Family: Weasel family of carnivorous mammals (otters, badgers, martens).
- Mesocarnivore: A mid-tier predator that feeds on smaller prey.
4.4 LEAF Technology
- LEAF: Light-Activated Engineered Artificial Thylakoid (nanostructure from plant chloroplasts).
- Achievement: Enabled photosynthesis in mouse retinal cells to produce ATP and NADPH.
- Use: Treating Dry Eye Disease.
4.5 WMO Climate Update 2026-2035
- Projection: 1.3°C–1.9°C warming above pre-industrial levels (2026-2030).
- Risk: 91% probability of temporarily exceeding the 1.5°C limit before 2030.
Learn Basics
- Pre-industrial Baseline: Average temperature before large-scale industrialization (1850-1900).
- 1.5°C Limit: Paris Agreement target. Exceeding it causes mass coral bleaching and extreme weather.
4.6 Mission Senehjori
- Scheme: DoNER initiative promoting Assam's GI-tagged Muga silk globally.
- Target: 2,000 kg annual exports by 2028.
- Raipur Model: 32,000 rain harvesting structures creating a national urban water conservation model.
Learn Basics
- Muga Silk: Golden-coloured silk exclusive to Assam, produced by the Antheraea assamensis silkworm.
- GI Tag: Identifies products originating from specific locations with unique geographic qualities.
5. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
5.1 KSTAR Plasma Records – South Korea
- Records: 102 seconds continuous H-mode plasma, and 48 seconds at 100 million°C.
- Tool: Uses Tungsten divertors to clear heat/impurities.
5.2 JWST – Methane on Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS
- Discovery: First direct methane detection on an interstellar object using JWST's MIRI.
- 3I/ATLAS: The 3rd interstellar object ever detected.
Learn Basics
- Interstellar Object: An object originating outside our solar system (e.g., 'Oumuamua, Borisov, ATLAS).
- JWST: NASA/ESA James Webb Space Telescope observing in infrared.
- MIRI: Mid-Infrared Instrument detecting molecules like methane and CO2.
5.3 Divyastra Mk-1 & Hydrogen Train
- Divyastra Mk-1: AI loitering munition tested in Jodhpur, ~95% indigenous.
- Hydrogen Train: India's first zero-emission H2 fuel cell train launched on Jind-Sonipat route (Haryana).
Learn Basics
- Loitering Munition: AI-guided weapon that hovers over a target area before striking (kamikaze drone).
- Hydrogen Fuel Cell: Generates electricity through hydrogen and oxygen reactions, emitting only water vapour.
5.4 A2000 SoC & Project Glasswing
- A2000: India's first indigenous AI SoC developed by Nethrasemi, Kerala.
- Project Glasswing: Anthropic's Claude LLM rollout; India is the 2nd largest market.
6. ECONOMY NEWS
6.1 India's First Blue Bond
- Issuer: Sagarmala Finance Corporation (₹1,000 crore in FY 2026-27).
- Purpose: Maritime infrastructure and blue economy projects.
Learn Basics
- Bond: Fixed-income security where investors lend money for a set period and interest rate.
- Green vs Blue Bond: Green bonds fund broad environmental projects; Blue bonds strictly fund ocean/maritime projects. Seychelles issued the first Blue Bond (2018).
6.2 India Seafood Exports 2025-26
- Record: $8.46 billion (₹73,890 crore) – an all-time high.
- Top product: Frozen shrimp (66.52% of revenue).
- Trading partners: USA (top importer by value), China (top by quantity).
Learn Basics
- MPEDA: Marine Products Export Development Authority. Regulates and promotes Indian marine exports.
6.3 PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana
- Details: Launched Feb 13, 2024, targeting 1 crore homes by March 2027.
- Subsidy: 40% subsidy (₹30,000–₹78,000 per household).
7. STATE NEWS
7.1 Karnataka – Siddaramaiah Record
- Milestone: Longest-serving Karnataka CM with 3,048 cumulative days across two terms, breaking D. Devraj Urs's record.
- Siddaramaiah served as the 16th Chief Minister of Karnataka from 2013 to 2018 and 2023 to 2026.
- Succeeded by D.K. Shivakumar sworn in on June 3, 2026
Learn Basics
- Chief Ministers of Karnataka: Formed in 1956. Notable CMs include S. Nijalingappa, D. Devraj Urs, and Siddaramaiah (16th CM).
7.2 Himachal Pradesh – Chenab-Beas Link Tunnel
- Project: ₹2,352 crore, 8.7 km tunnel diverting Chenab water to Beas River for 4,000 MW hydropower.
Learn Basics
- Indus Waters Treaty (1960): India controls eastern rivers (Beas, Ravi, Sutlej); Pakistan controls western rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab).
- NHPC: National Hydropower Corporation developing hydroelectric projects.
7.3 Andhra Pradesh – South Coast Railway
- Launch: June 1, 2026, as India's 18th Railway Zone.
- HQ: Visakhapatnam. Carved from East Coast and South Central Railways.
Learn Basics
- Indian Railway Zones: Administrative divisions of the rail network. India now has 18 distinct zones.
7.4 Madhya Pradesh & Meghalaya – Child Nutrition
- MP: Wasting is 23.8% (Highest in India). Underweight is 39.7% (2nd highest).
- Meghalaya: Stunting reduced by 9.7 percentage points through the 1000 Days Mission.
Learn Basics
- Child Malnutrition Indicators: Stunting (low height-for-age), Wasting (low weight-for-height), Underweight (low weight-for-age).
7.5 Puducherry – 2 New SEZs
- SEZ 1: IT/ITES at Thattanchavady (India's 1st municipal SEZ).
- SEZ 2: Multi-sector SEZ at Karasur.
Learn Basics
- SEZ (Special Economic Zone): Demarcated area with special business regulations to attract investment and boost exports.
PERSONS & AWARDS
- Justice V. Mohana: 12th woman SC judge; 2nd woman elevated directly from Bar, 1st woman from Tamil Nadu directly from Bar. She is only the 11th person overall (any gender) in SC history elevated directly from Bar.
- Gen. N.S. Raja Subramani: India's 3rd Chief of Defence Staff (CDS).
- Admiral Krishna Swaminathan: 27th Chief of Naval Staff (CNS).
- P. Sumathi: TN's first woman Legal Services Secretary.
- Valluvam: TN farmer awarded FAO 'Soil Farmer Hero'.
- Esha Singh: ISSF Gold in Women's 25m Pistol (Munich 2026).
- Idris Elba: Knighthood (UK) from King Charles III.
- Khalilur Rahman: UNGA 81st President (Bangladesh FM).
- Major Abhilasha Barak: UN Military Gender Advocate of the Year.
- Lance Hav. Harbhajan Singh & Naib Sub. Sujit Kumar Pradhan: Posthumously awarded UN Dag Hammarskjöld Medal.
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Which of the following statements about the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) is incorrect?
(a) The index was historically compiled for the first time in 1937.
(b) The statistical index is compiled and released monthly by the RBI.
(c) The 10th overall revision shifted the statistical base year from 2011-12 to 2022-23.
(d) The index parameters are compiled and released monthly by MoSPI.
Choose the correct structural comparison regarding price indices in India:
(a) All three indices are released by MoSPI and track inflation at the retail consumer level.
(b) WPI tracks the producer gate, PPI tracks wholesale trade, and CPI tracks consumer prices.
(c) WPI and PPI are managed by DPIIT; CPI is managed by MoSPI and is used by the RBI for inflation targeting.
(d) The newly introduced PPI will completely replace the CPI framework starting June 15, 2026.
Which of the following statements correctly describes the Kadambara Pumped Storage Hydro Station?
(a) Commissioned in 1990 with a capacity of 600 MW, it is Tamil Nadu’s second pumped storage facility.
(b) Commissioned in 1987 with a capacity of 400 MW, it is Tamil Nadu’s only reversible pumped storage station.
(c) Commissioned in 2000 with a capacity of 200 MW, it features single-direction non-reversible turbines.
(d) Commissioned in 1987 with a capacity of 500 MW, the installation is currently running at 100% capacity.
Which statement is correct regarding the recent KSTAR nuclear fusion research milestones?
(a) South Korea’s KSTAR achieved H-mode plasma for 102 seconds and held a core temperature of 100 million°C for 48 seconds.
(b) China’s KSTAR facility sustained an H-mode plasma for 102 seconds at 150 million°C.
(c) Japan’s KSTAR achieved an H-mode milestone lasting 80 seconds at a temperature of 50 million°C.
(d) The US-managed KSTAR facility sustained plasma for 102 seconds as a core component of the ITER network.
Identify the correct analytical statement regarding the India-Oman CEPA:
(a) It entered into force on January 1, 2026, granting zero-duty access to 95% of Omani lines.
(b) It entered into force on April 1, 2026, and is restricted solely to the trade of services.
(c) It entered into force in March 2026, marking the 10th free trade pact signed by Oman.
(d) It entered into force on June 1, 2026, granting zero-duty access to 98.08% of Omani lines with a trade volume of $11.18 billion.
Which of the following options correctly defines the newly developed LEAF biotechnology?
(a) A synthetic chloroplast model designed to permanently integrate into human DNA strings.
(b) An acronym for Light-Activated Environmental Artificial Thylakoid used to treat degenerative hearing loss.
(c) A plant chloroplast-derived nanostructure that enabled photosynthesis inside living mouse retinal cells to treat Dry Eye Disease.
(d) A specialized nanostructure used to treat chronic dry lung diseases in clinical trials.
Identify the correct statement regarding India's pioneer 'Blue Bond' financial issue:
(a) It was issued by the RBI with a capital outlay of ₹5,000 crore to subsidize commercial marine fishing.
(b) It was issued by the Sagarmala Finance Corporation for ₹1,000 crore to fund maritime infrastructure; the world’s first sovereign issue was by Seychelles in 2018.
(c) It was issued by SEBI for ₹2,500 crore as a specialized sub-classification of Green Bonds.
(d) It was issued by the EXIM Bank for ₹3,000 crore to fund international maritime trade channels.
Which statement regarding the newly established South Coast Railway (SCoR) zone is incorrect?
(a) The zone officially entered active service on June 1, 2026.
(b) Headquartered in Visakhapatnam, it comprises the Guntakal, Guntur, Vijayawada, and Visakhapatnam divisions.
(c) It functions administratively as India’s 18th independent railway zone.
(d) It was formed by carving out administrative divisions from the South Coast and North Coast Railway zones.
Which state was declared India's 5th fully literate state under the ULLAS initiative, and what is its verified literacy rate?
(a) Sikkim – 99.82%
(b) Manipur – 98.5%
(c) Nagaland – 97.8%
(d) Arunachal Pradesh – 96.2%
What is the standard statutory criteria used to declare a state as 'Fully Literate' under national frameworks?
(a) Achieving an absolute 100% literacy rate across all demographic cohorts.
(b) Adult literacy exceeding 95% with verified coverage of non-literate persons under adult education programs.
(c) Ensuring that primary education up to Class 5 is accessed by 90% of citizens.
(d) Maintaining a 100% net enrollment ratio across all primary schools.
Select the correct operational metric regarding the Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0 implementation:
(a) Project extended to December 2030, with an initial allocation of ₹1,000 crore for Tamil Nadu.
(b) Project extended to March 2027, with an advance layout of ₹5,000 crore for urban water networks.
(c) Project extended to December 2028; Tamil Nadu Phase 1 achieved 46.71 lakh FHTCs, benefiting 1.86 crore people.
(d) Project concluded in 2025, after providing 20 lakh tap connections across rural Tamil Nadu.
In which year did the Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal (CWDT) deliver its final award, and what is Tamil Nadu's mandated legal share?
(a) 2007; 177.25 TMC ft
(b) 2002; 150 TMC ft
(c) 2010; 200 TMC ft
(d) 2007; 192 TMC ft
Which of the following statements regarding the BrahMos missile system is incorrect?
(a) It was engineered as a joint venture between India’s DRDO and Russia.
(b) India signed its first international export deal for the system with Vietnam, followed by the Philippines.
(c) It functions as a supersonic cruise missile operating at speeds of Mach 2.8+.
(d) The system’s name is a portmanteau of the Brahmaputra and Moskva rivers.
According to the National Health Accounts 2022-23, how did Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE) change?
(a) Decreased from 80.2% down to 70.1% of total health expenditure.
(b) Decreased from 55% down to 50% across rural households.
(c) Increased from 43.4% up to 64.2% due to rising healthcare costs.
(d) Decreased from 64.2% down to 43.4% of total health expenditure.
Which of the following statements regarding the South Coast Railway (SCoR) zone is/are correct?
- It was created by restructuring portions of the ECoR and SCR zones.
- It officially entered active service on June 1, 2026.
- The central headquarters is located in Vijayawada.
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1, 2, and 3
(d) 2 and 3 only
Identify the incorrect state-wise matching based on the NFHS-6 child nutrition findings:
(a) Madhya Pradesh – Wasting: 23.8% (Highest in India)
(b) Jharkhand – Underweight: 41.1% (Highest in India)
(c) Uttar Pradesh – Stunting: 23.8% (Highest in India)
(d) Meghalaya – Stunting: Reduced by 9.7 percentage points (46.5% to 36.8%)
Which statement is correct regarding the PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana?
(a) Launched in January 2022 to provide solar power to 50 lakh homes with a 30% subsidy.
(b) Launched on February 13, 2024, to power 1 crore homes by March 2027 with a 40% subsidy.
(c) Launched in August 2023 to provide solar power to 2 crore homes with a 60% subsidy.
(d) Launched in February 2024 to provide solar power to 1 crore homes with a 25% subsidy.
Identify the incorrect statement regarding the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS:
(a) It is the 3rd interstellar object detected passing through our solar system.
(b) 1I/’Oumuamua (2017) and 2I/Borisov (2019) are the two interstellar objects discovered earlier.
(c) Orbital analysis indicates the comet originated within our solar system’s Oort Cloud.
(d) Methane molecules were directly detected on the comet using the JWST’s MIRI instrument.
Which route was approved for India's first hydrogen fuel cell passenger train, and who developed it?
(a) Jind–Sonipat route (Haryana); developed by RDSO.
(b) Chennai–Madurai route; developed by DRDO.
(c) Delhi–Agra route; developed by the Integral Coach Factory (ICF).
(d) Pune–Mumbai route; developed by IIT research teams.
Siddaramaiah set the record for longest-serving Chief Minister of Karnataka in May 2026. Which spot does he hold in the state's historical timeline?
(a) 17th Chief Minister; served a total of 2,800 days in office.
(b) 16th Chief Minister; served a total of 3,048 days in office.
(c) 19th Chief Minister; served a total of 2,500 days in office.
(d) 18th Chief Minister; served a total of 4,000 days in office.
